A patient is hesitant to consent to a medical procedure. Which approach best respects patient autonomy?

• A. Proceed without consent to avoid delays
• B. Explain only benefits and minimize risks
• C. Ensure informed consent by supporting the patient's goals and preferences
• D. Pressure the patient to decide quickly

Answer: (C)

Respecting patient autonomy means recognizing the patient as the primary decision maker about their own care. The best approach is to ensure informed consent by supporting the patient’s goals and preferences. This involves clearly communicating the procedure’s benefits, risks, and alternatives, checking that the patient understands the information, and helping them make a voluntary decision that aligns with their values. It also means respecting the patient’s right to accept or decline without pressure or coercion and taking time to decide.

Approaches that skip full consent, oversimplify information, or force a quick decision undermine autonomy and aren't appropriate.