A client adheres to a vegan diet. Which nutrient is most critical to monitor for potential deficiency?

• A. Vitamin B12
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Calcium
• D. Protein

Answer: (A)

Vegan diets require attention to nutrients that are primarily found in animal products. Vitamin B12 is the one to monitor most closely because it is not reliably available from plant foods. It is essential for making healthy red blood cells and maintaining nerve function, and deficiency can develop gradually, leading to fatigue, weakness, and potentially nerve damage or megaloblastic anemia if not addressed. People following vegan diets commonly prevent this by consuming B12-fortified foods or taking a supplement and having periodic blood checks to ensure adequate levels. Other nutrients like vitamin C, calcium, and protein can be met with well-planned vegan choices, but B12 stands out as the deficiency risk that requires proactive management.